Elementary
Content Standards
Kindergarten Content Standards
Estimation
- Compare the number of
objects in different sets; tell which set has more and
which has less.
- Acquire the skill of
estimation. In early stages this involves a comparison
with familiar objects within the range of the child's
early development.
Number Sense
- Develop number sense
for numerals up to 100.
- Develop a familiarity
with numbers 1 - 100.
- Count by multiples of
2, 5, 10 to 100.
- Read and write
numerals for the numbers 1 - 50.
- Physically show halves
and fourths.
- Explore the concepts
of money.
Concepts of Number
Operation
- Develop a concrete
understanding of addition and subtraction for the numbers
0 - 10.
Geometry
- Sort sets on the basis
of one attribute.
- Relate physical world
examples to the ideas and concepts of geometry.
- Explore familiar
two-and three- dimensional objects.
- Identify properties
such as inside, outside, straight, round, square, large,
and small should be included.
Measurement
- Explore the concepts
of time, length, volume (conservation)
Statistics
- Construct simple bar
graphs and pictographs. State impressions obtained from
these graphs. The data for these visual displays should
come from realistic problem situations that occur in the
classroom.
Probability
- Explore the concepts
of chance based on repeated observations of real world
events such as weather, games, or contests.
Patterns
- Develop pattern
recognition. This would be carried out primarily by
working with simple sequences that are determined by
numerical or geometric properties, or by other attributes
such as color or orientation. Construct an ABC pattern
and repeat it at least 6 times.
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First Grade Content Standards
Estimation
- Identify the number of
objects in a set by counting or estimating.
- Decide whether
estimation or counting is appropriate.
Number Sense
- Read and write
numerals 1 - 100.
- Read and write number
words to ten.
- Recognize numbers 1 -
100.
- Count by multiples of
2, 5, 10, to 100.
- Fractions: 1/2, 1/4.
- Understand that
fractions are parts of a whole.
- Read and write
numerals for simple fractions.
- Understand basic place
value concepts for whole numbers (ones, tens, hundreds).
- Become familiar with
attributes of monetary value.
Concept of Number
Operations
- Use objects, pictures,
and problem situations to model and interpret different
definitions of addition and subtraction of whole numbers.
Computation
- Accurately and with
minimal hesitation, provide response for basic addition
and subtraction facts, 0 - 10.
Geometry
- Relate physical world
examples to the ideas and concepts of geometry.
- Identify and classify
the following figures through visual observations and
properties: triangles, squares, rectangles, hexagons,
trapezoids, rhombus, cubes, pyramids, spheres, circles,
and ovals.
- Explore simple
patterns of symmetry in the environment and the natural
world.
Measurement
- Explore the process of
measurement. This includes choosing an appropriate unit
of measure and selecting the proper measuring instrument.
- Become familiar with
attributes of length, weight, area, liquid capacity,
time, and temperature.
- Measure objects using
non-standard units (i. e. beads, Unifix cubes, etc.)
Statistics
- Construct graphs.
State impressions obtained from these graphs. The data
for these visual displays should come from realistic
problem situations that occur in the classroom.
- Use simple charts for
reference, comparisons, and record keeping.
Probability
- Explore the concepts
of chance based on repeated observations of real world
events such as weather, games, or contests.
Patterns
- Develop pattern
recognition. This would be carried out primarily by
working with simple sequences that are determined by
numerical or geometric properties, or by other attributes
such as color or orientation. The pattern may be
represented physically, pictorially, or symbolically. The
child should be able to describe the rule or relation
that determines the sequence and continue the sequence.
Algebra
- Write number sentences
to represent problems involving different addition and
subtraction situations and solve the sentences.
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Second Grade Content Standards
Estimation
- Identify the number of
objects in a set by counting or estimating.
- Decide whether
estimation or counting is appropriate.
Number Sense
- Count by multiples of
2, 5, 10, 100.
- Understand basic place
value concepts for whole numbers (ones, tens, hundreds).
- Fractions 1/2, 1/4,
1/3. Understand that fractions are parts of a whole. Be
able to demonstrate an understanding of fractions
physically or pictorially. Relate fractions to real world
examples.
- Read and write
numerals for simple fractions.
- Become familiar with
the use of numbers in newspapers, magazines, television,
and other sources within society.
- Acquire skills
associated with values of coins and bills. This includes
all appropriate vocabulary, the recognition of coins and
bills up to $5, the knowledge of their value (coins in
cents, bills in dollars), and the following
equivalencies: one dime = 2 nickels; one quarter = 5
nickels; one half-dollar = 2 quarters; one dollar = 2
half-dollars, 4 quarters, or 10 dimes
Concepts of Number
Operations
- Use objects, pictures,
and problem situations to model and interpret different
definitions of addition, subtraction, and multiplication
of whole numbers.
- Write word problems
representing different addition and subtraction
situations and solve them.
Computation
- Accurately and with
minimal hesitation provide response for basic addition
and subtraction facts.
- Carry out a series of
computations using a calculator involving addition and/or
subtraction and involving up to four steps.
Geometry
- Relate physical world
examples to the ideas and concepts of geometry.
- Identify and classify
the following figures through visual observations and
identified properties: triangles, squares, rectangles,
cubes, spheres, circles, and ovals.
- Explore simple
patterns of symmetry in the environment and the natural
world.
Measurement
- Become familiar with
attributes of length, weight, area, liquid capacity,
time, and temperature.
- Acquire length and
weight measurement skills: inch, foot, yard, meter,
centimeter, ounce, pound, gram, kilogram; relative size
of one unit to another.
- Use a ruler to draw a
segment of a given length to nearest inch or centimeter.
- Acquire time
measurement skills: calendar (days, weeks, months,
years), equivalencies (one week = 7 days, one year = 12
months), clock (hours, minutes, fractional parts of
hours), tell time to the nearest quarter-hour.
Statistics
- Construct graphs.
State impressions obtained from these graphs. The data
for these visual displays should come from realistic
problem situations that occur in the classroom.
- Use simple charts for
reference, comparisons, and record keeping.
- Become familiar with
use of graphs in newspapers, magazines, television, and
other sources within society.
Probability
- Explore the concepts
of chance based on repeated observations of real world
events such as weather, games, or contests.
Patterns
- Develop pattern
recognition. This would be carried out primarily by
working with simple sequences that are determined by
numerical or geometric properties, or by other attributes
such as color or orientation. The pattern may be
represented physically, pictorially, or symbolically. The
child should be able to describe the rule or relation
that determines the sequence and continue the sequence.
Algebra
- Write number sentences
to represent problems involving different addition and
subtraction situations and solve the sentences.
- Use numbers to replace
a box representing an unknown quantity in a number
sentence (for example 9 + _ = 14) and determine if the
replacement makes the sentence true.
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Third Grade Content Standards
Estimation
- Estimate measurement.
- Estimate time.
- Estimate and find
volume, capacity, length, and weight using metric and
standard units
Number Sense
- Skip count by whole
numbers.
- Understand, represent
and find real world applications for fractions and decimals
using models, pictures, and symbols.
- Explore bases other
than ten to develop understanding of place value
concepts.
- Find change by
counting up from amount of purchase.
- Understand and use
decimal notation for monetary values.
- Using models,
pictures, symbols, and words, identify, represent, and
explain place value concepts.
- Round whole numbers.
- Read, write, compare
and order whole numbers.
- Explore whole number
relationships.
- Using models,
pictures, and symbols, find and identify multiples of
whole numbers
Concepts and Numbers of
Operations
- Use concrete objects
to invent and model different procedures for finding
sums, differences, products, and quotients of whole
numbers.
- Use concrete objects
to model and interpret different problem situations for
addition, subtraction, and multiplication of whole
numbers.
- Choose appropriate
operations to solve problems.
- Recognize the
relationships between addition, subtraction,
multiplication, and division.
- Write, experience, and
explain processes in problem solving situations.
Computation
- Demonstrate reasonable
proficiency with basic multiplication and division facts.
- Demonstrate reasonable
proficiency with addition and subtraction of multi-digit
numbers.
- Develop concept of
error analysis.
- Use mental math when
appropriate.
- Use a calculator when
appropriate.
Geometry
- Identify angles.
- Recognize, identify,
and describe 2- and 3-dimensional geometric shapes.
- Recognize, identify,
and describe properties of congruent shapes.
- Relate symmetry
concepts to geometric shapes.
- Recognize, identify,
and describe characteristics of lines and angles.
- Develop spatial sense
using manipulatives.
Measurement
- Find perimeters using
concrete objects, student diagrams, and various units of
measurement.
- Find elapsed time.
- Explore map scales.
- Measure temperature
(Celsius and Fahrenheit).
- Tell time.
- Find areas of squares
and rectangles.
- Explore volume,
capacity, length, and weight using metric and standard
units
Statistics
- Collect, organize, and
describe data.
- Construct charts,
tables, and graphs.
- Interpret, explain,
and describe data from charts, tables, and graphs.
- Make predictions from
data.
- Investigate concepts
of averages, median and mode.
Probability
- Use spinners, dice,
and coins to explore probability.
- Assess fairness of a
probability experiment.
- Begin generalizing
events of likely, unlikely, certain, and luck using
everyday experiences.
- Create probability
story problems
Patterns
- Develop an awareness
of patterns in relationship to mathematics and the
natural world.
- Find, recognize,
describe, and extend patterns.
- Discover and
demonstrate patterns using manipulatives.
- Discover, demonstrate,
describe, and recognize number operation patterns.
- Formulate rules to
describe patterns and apply the rules to extend the
patterns.
Algebra
- Use shapes or letters
to represent numbers in number sentences.
- Use manipulatives to
represent equations containing an unknown.
- Write and solve story
problems using equations containing a variable for an
unknown.
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Fourth Grade Content Standards
Estimation
- Use appropriate
estimation strategies.
- Understand
relationship between computation and estimation.
- Apply appropriate
estimation strategies when solving problems.
Number Sense
- Identify, represent,
and explain place value concepts using models, money,
pictures, symbols, and words.
- Read and write
numbers.
- Understand place value
concepts.
- Use equivalent names
for numbers.
- Read and write Roman
numerals.
- Build rectangular
arrays for the whole numbers.
- Identify, represent,
and explain factors using models, pictures, symbols, and
words.
- Identify real world
applications for fractions.
- Compare and order
fractions using models and pictures.
- Explore ancient
numeration systems (relate to social studies).
Concepts of Number
Operations
- Write, experience, and
explain processes in problem solving situations.
- Use manipulatives to
invent, model, and describe different procedures for
finding sums, differences, products, and quotients.
- Model, interpret, and
describe different problem situations for addition,
subtraction, multiplication and division.
Computation
- Demonstrate reasonable
proficiency with multiplication and division.
- Demonstrate reasonable
proficiency with addition , subtraction, multiplication,
and division involving money values.
- Use mental math when
appropriate.
- Select appropriate
method for computation (pencil and paper, mental math,
calculator, computer).
- Expand use of error
analysis to include all operations.
Geometry
- Explore the various
characteristics of 2- and 3-dimensional geometric shapes.
- Apply symmetry
concepts to geometric shapes.
- Recognize, identify,
and describe properties of congruent shapes.
- Explore properties of
2-dimensional shapes through drawing, modeling,
comparing, measuring, and classifying.
- Develop spatial sense
by exploring different perspectives (views) of
3-dimensional shapes.
- Explore properties of
rectangles; find area and perimeter.
- Locate points on the
coordinate plane.
Measurement
- Solve real life
problems involving elapsed time.
- Find perimeters of
regular and irregular shapes.
- Find areas of regular
shapes.
- Estimate areas of
irregular shapes.
- Develop and use
formulas for finding perimeters of geometric shapes.
- Solve real life
problems involving map scales.
- Solve real life
problems involving temperature.
- Solve real life
problems involving metric and standard units of volume,
capacity, weight, and length.
Statistics
- Collect, organize, and
describe data.
- Construct charts,
tables, and graphs.
- Interpret, explain,
and describe data from charts, tables, and graphs.
- Predict trends using
charts, graphs, and tables.
- Find mean, median and
mode.
Probability
- Make predictions based
on own experience and experiments.
- Explore a variety of
probability experiments.
- Generalize events of
likely, unlikely, certain, and luck based on experiments,
experience, and data.
- Analyze and present
probability data using simple fractions.
- Create probability
story problems.
Patterns
- Develop an awareness
of patterns in relationship to mathematics and the
natural world.
- Discover, demonstrate,
and extend patterns using manipulatives.
- Formulate rules to
describe patterns and apply the rules to extend the
patterns.
- Formulate descriptions
of patterns and their relationship to number operations.
- Explore patterns
represented in tables, graphs, rules, and problem solving
situations.
- Explore how change in
one quantity results in change in another.
Algebra
- Use shapes or letters
to represent numbers in number sentences.
- Find solutions for
open sentences.
- Use manipulatives to
describe and solve equations with an unknown.
- Write and solve story
problems using equations containing a variable for an
unknown.
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Fifth Grade Content Standards
Estimation
- Use appropriate
estimation strategies.
- Understand
relationship between computation and estimation.
- Apply appropriate
estimation strategies when solving problems.
Number Sense
- Identify, represent,
compare, and order fractions, mixed numbers, decimals,
and percentages using models, pictures, symbols, and
words.
- Compare and order
positive and negative numbers.
- Simplify fractions.
- Recognize the
relationship between fractions, decimals, and percents.
- Explore bases other
than ten to develop understanding of base ten system.
- Identify, represent,
and explain prime number concepts using models, pictures,
symbols, and words.
Concepts of Number
Operations
- Use manipulatives to
model, invent, interpret, and describe different problem
situations for addition and subtraction of fractions and
decimals.
- Write, experience,
solve, and explain processes in problem solving
situations.
Computation
- Demonstrate reasonable
proficiency with multiplication and division involving
whole numbers or money values.
- Demonstrate reasonable
proficiency with addition and subtraction of decimals and
fractions.
- Expand use of error
analysis to decimal and fraction computation.
- Select appropriate
method for computation (pencil and paper, mental math,
calculator, computer).
Geometry
- Explore, identify, and
describe characteristics of 2-and 3-dimensional geometric
shapes.
- Perform translations
and rotations of 2-dimensional shapes.
- Explore the
characteristics of triangles and parallelograms; find the
area and perimeter.
- Identify geometric
shapes properties in architecture and natural structures.
- Draw line segments
determined by locating points on a coordinate plane.
Measurement
- Develop and use
formulas for finding areas of polygons.
- Find circumferences of
circles.
- Measure angles with a
protractor.
- Draw to scale.
- Solve real life
problems involving area and perimeter.
- Find surface areas of
cubes and prisms.
- Solve real life
problems involving measurement.
- Become familiar with
rate concepts.
- Estimate areas of
circles.
Statistics
- Collect, organize, and
describe data.
- Construct charts,
tables, and graphs.
- Interpret, explain,
and describe data from charts, tables, and graphs.
- Predict trends using
charts, graphs, and tables.
- Evaluate data to
determine validity, propaganda, and prejudice.
Probability
- Analyze and present
probability data.
- Identify probability
in real life situations.
- Conduct probability
experiments where data is gathered in a variety of ways
such as surveys, science experiments, newspapers, and
spinners.
- Create probability
story problems.
Patterns
- Develop an awareness
of patterns in relationship to mathematics and the
natural world.
- Conduct and analyze
experiments that demonstrate how change in one quantity
results in change in another.
- Extend and describe
patterns represented in tables, graphs, rules, formulas,
and problem solving.
Algebra
- Use symbols to
represent variables in number sentences; find solutions
for number sentences containing variables.
- Write and solve story
problems using equations containing a variable for an
unknown.
- Graph number
sentences.
- Analyze graphs and
tables; make predictions from graphs and tables.
- Find relationships
using patterns involving multiple variables.
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Sixth Grade Content Standards
Estimation
- Use appropriate
estimation strategies.
- Understand
relationship between computation and estimation.
- Apply appropriate
estimation strategies when solving problems.
Number Sense
- Extend their
understanding of number concepts to include fractions,
decimals, integers, i.e., rational numbers.
- Apply decimals and
fractions to real world situations.
- Understand ratio and
proportion concepts.
- Explore whole number,
fraction, decimal, and percent relationships.
Concept of Number
Operations
- Use manipulatives to
model, invent, interpret and describe problem situations
for decimal and fraction operations.
- Identify real world
applications for decimal and fraction operations.
- Write, experience,
solve, and explain hought processes in problem solving
situations involving multiple operations.
Computation
- Demonstrate reasonable
proficiency with addition, subtraction, multiplication,
and division of decimals and fractions.
- Add and subtract
integers with like and unlike signs.
- Find percent of a
number, i.e. simple interest.
- Use mental math when
appropriate.
- Expand use of error
analysis to include fraction and decimal computation.
- Compare various
technological tools for computation.
Geometry
- Apply characteristics
of 2- and 3-dimensional geometric shapes to everyday
life.
- Apply characteristics
of congruency to person-made and natural structures.
- Explore the
characteristics of trapezoids and circles; find area,
perimeter, and circumference.
- Apply geometric
concepts to practical situations.
Measurement
- Use a protractor to
measure and draw angles.
- Find surface areas of
cubes, prisms, and pyramids.
- Find volumes of cubes
and rectangular prisms.
- Develop an
understanding of the formulas for finding circumferences
and areas of circles.
- Solve real life
problems involving measurement concepts.
- Apply measurement
concepts to real life situations.
- Solve real life
problems involving rate.
Statistics
- Find Median, mode, and
range
- Solve average
problems.
- Collect, organize, and
describe data.
- Construct charts,
tables, and graphs.
- Interpret, explain,
and describe data from charts, tables, and graphs.
- Predict trends using
charts, graphs, and tables.
- Evaluate data to
determine validity, propaganda, and prejudice.
- Make inferences and
convincing arguments based on data.
- Understand the use of
statistics in the real world.
Probability
- Analyze and present
probability data using percents and ratios.
- Apply probability to
real life situations.
- Design and conduct
experiments and simulations using probability.
- Continue to use
probability as a logical approach to problem solving.
- Create probability
story problems.
- Predict probabilities
of simple events.
- Compute probabilities
of simple events.
- Compare predicted and
computed probabilities with experimental probabilities.
Patterns
- Develop an awareness
of patterns in relationship to mathematics and the
natural world.
- Conduct, and analyze
real world experiments that demonstrate how change in one
quantity results in change in another.
- Demonstrate how
patterns in mathematics result in algorithms and
formulas.
- Develop an awareness
of how patterns influence decision making in their lives.
Algebra
- Use concrete examples
and manipulatives to solve algebraic problems from
everyday life experiences that involve identity
properties, order of operations, exponents, inverse
operations, and inequalities.
- Use a variety of
methods to solve one-step equations.
- Informally investigate
inequalities and nonlinear equations.
- Write and solve story
problems using equations containing a variable for an
unknown.
- Graph number
sentences.
- Analyze graphs and tables; make
predictions from graphs and tables.
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Middle School Content Standards
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Senior High Content Standards
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