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European History Resources

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		European Socialism	French Revolution
		Renaissance-Enlightenment	19th Century Europe
		Age of Exploration	20th Century Europe
		European Reformation	WWI
		Early Modern Europe	WWII

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European Socialism
Web site	Subject	Level	Applicable	Synopsis
Heaven on Earth. For Teachers	European Studies, A.P. Comparative Government	Teachers, grades 9-12	Rise of Socialism, Political Theory, Industrial Revolution	This PBS Web site contains links to four lessons that trace the rise of socialism and look at the ways that nations have interpreted the ideas of socialism. The lessons are designed to go along with the PBS program Heaven on Earth: The Rise and Fall of Socialism. Lesson topics include: Socialism and Marxism in the Industrial Revolution; Capitalism vs. Communism; Critical Thinking Skills, History and Perspectives; Socialism and the Jewish Kibbutz Movement.
Heaven on Earth. The Film: The Timeline	European Studies, A.P. Comparative Government	Teachers, students, grades 9-12	Rise of Socialism, Political Theory	This PBS supported web site contains an excellent interactive timeline of the rise and fall of socialism, complete with links and visuals. A good, quick overview of the big moments in the history of socialism.
Heaven on Earth. Leaders and Thinkers: Robert Owen	European Studies, A.P. Comparative Government	Teachers, students, grades 9-12	Socialism, Political Theory	This web site contains links to brief, readable biographies of some of the major figures in socialist history. This is an excellent place to start for background information on the big names in socialism, both for students and teachers.
History Archive	A.P. Comparative Government, European Studies	Teachers, students, grades 9-12	Marxism	This Web page, supported by the Marxist Internet Archive, contains links to documents focusing on Marxist history in the U.S. and in countries such as the Soviet Union, France, the Cuban Republic, Afghanistan, Algeria, Canada, Britain and Haiti. Useful for research. Some documents are original source documents.
Learning what Marxism is about	European Studies, A.P. Comparative Government	Teachers, students, grades 9-12	Marxism	This web page, supported by the Marxist Internet Archive, contains useful definitions of Marxism as well as links to documents written by Marx, Engels, Lenin and Mao Tse-tung. Useful for research.
Lecture 22: The Utopian Socialists: Robert Owen and Saint-Simon	European Studies, A.P. Comparative Government	Teachers, students, grades 9-12	Socialism, Political Thought, American Socialism	This web page is a written history lecture focusing on the Utopian Socialists, specifically Robert Owen and Saint-Simon. It would be useful, for context’s sake, to click on the link to Lecture 21 and brush up on Fourier. The author, Steven Kreis, holds a Ph.D. in History from the University of Missouri.
Robert Owen	European Studies, A.P. Comparative Government	Teachers, students, grades 9-12	Utopian Socialists, Robert Owen	This web page, supported by the Robert Owen Museum, contains a comprehensive biography of Robert Owen. This would be useful for teachers preparing lectures and students doing research.

Renaissance-Enlightenment
Web site	Subject	Level	Applicable	Synopsis
EDSITEment – Lesson Plan	World History, European Studies	Teachers, grades 9-12	Galileo	This lesson plan examines Galileo’s life, the historical significance of his scientific achievements, the idea of “inevitability” of historic events and the values underlying historic choices. Includes links to articles from Rice University’s Galileo Project homepage.
The Galileo Project	World History, European Studies	Teachers, students, grades 9-12	Galileo	This web site, supported by Rice University, is a source of information on the life and work of Galileo (1564-1642). Good for teachers preparing lessons and students doing research.
Lectures on Early Modern European History - Main	European Studies	Teachers, students, grades 9-12	Renaissance through Enlightenment	This web page contains links to history lectures written by Steven Kreis, Ph.D. in History, for classes he has taught at the university level. These lectures are each around 10 pages long and cover topics from the European Renaissance to the Enlightenment. These would be useful for teachers preparing lectures and students doing research.
The London Gazette – Munday Septemb 3, to Munday, Septemp 10, 1666	European Studies	Teachers, students, grades 5-12	The Great Fire of London, 1666	Contained are the online, scanned pages of the London Gazette describing the Great Fire of London, 1666. Good for teachers creating lessons and students doing research.
Internet Modern History Sourcebook: Scientific Revolution	World History, European Studies	Teachers, students, grades 9-12	Early Modern European Scientific Revolution	This web site, supported by Fordham University, contains original source documents written by Galileo, Copernicus, Francis Bacon and Isaac Newton, among others. Good for teachers preparing lessons and students doing research.
Internet Modern History Sourcebook: The Enlightenment	World History, European Studies	Teachers, students, grades 9-12	Enlightenment	This web site, supported by Fordham University, contains original source documents written by Enlightenment thinkers such as Locke, Voltaire, Rousseau, Adam Smith, Hume, Kant. Good for teachers preparing lessons and students doing research

Age of Exploration
Web site	Subject	Level	Applicable	Synopsis
Internet Modern History Sourcebook: The Early Modern World	European Studies, 9th Grade World History	Teachers, students, grades 5-12	Age of Discovery, Mercantilism	This web site, supported by Fordham University, is an online sourcebook containing original source documents pertaining to the Age of Discovery, Mercantile Capitalism, and Trade and the New Economy. It is an excellent source for teachers preparing lectures and lessons as well as student research.

European Reformation
Web site	Subject	Level	Applicable	Synopsis
Internet Modern History Sourcebook: Reformation Europe	European Studies, 9th Grade World History	Teachers, students, grades 9-12	Reformation Europe: Protestant and Catholic	This web site, supported by Fordham University, is an online sourcebook containing original source documents pertaining to the Protestant and Catholic Reformations in Europe. Documents include writings by Martin Luther, John Calvin, Thomas Cramner, Queen Elizabeth I, John Knox, Thomas a Kempis, eyewitness accounts of the St. Bartholemew’s Day Massacre and witchcraft documents pertaining to the Papal Bull of 1484.

Early Modern Europe
Web site	Subject	Level	Applicable	Synopsis
Original Historical Texts	World History, European Studies	Teachers, students, grades 5-12	Spanish Armada, Execution of Guy Fawkes, Execution of Charles I, Death of Oliver Cromwell	This web site contains scanned copies of English newspapers covering important incidences in British history such as the defeat of the Spanish Armada, Guy Fawkes’ execution, Charles I’s execution, Oliver Cromwell’s death, the Fire of London. Good for teachers creating lessons and students doing research.
Internet Modern History Sourcebook: Absolutism	European Studies	Teachers, students, grades 9-12	Absolute monarchs of Spain, England, France	This web site, supported by Fordham University, contains original source documents pertaining to the absolute kings of Spain, England and France, especially Louis XIV of France. Good for teachers creating lessons and students doing research.
Internet Modern History Sourcebook: Constitutional States	European Studies	Teachers, students 9-12	English Revolution, Quakers, Baptists, Puritans, the “Glorious Revolution”	This web site, supported by Fordham University, contains original source documents pertaining to Constitutional monarchies in England, the English Civil War, the “Glorious Revolution” and quite a few John Locke writings. Good for teachers creating lessons and students doing research.

French Revolution
Web site	Subject	Level	Applicable	Synopsis
PBS – Napoleon: Classroom Materials	European Studies	Teachers, grades 7-12	French Revolution, Napoleon	This PBS supported web site contains four lesson plans that are designed to be paired with the PBS Napoleon video series. The lessons vary in length, and include the following topics: Napoleon becomes a man of destiny; Napoleon – hero or tyrant?; The laws live on (comparing the Napoleonic code to the U.S. Constitution); Church and state (exploring Napoleon’s use of the church to rise to power and the concept of separation of church and state).
PBS – Napoleon: Interactive Battle Simulator	European Studies	Teachers, students, grades 7-12	Napoleonic Wars, Battle of Waterloo	This is an interactive battle simulation for the Battle of Waterloo. Players get to choose which general to be (Napoleon or Wellington) and make decisions in a number of situations (8 or more) until the battle is decided. Players are given a battle map, a description of the situation and a number of strategies to choose from.
BCTF LA 2036: The Trial of Napoleon Bonaparte	European Studies	Teachers, grades 9-12	Napoleon Bonaparte	This is a mock trial lesson, which puts Napoleon Bonaparte on trial for his actions. Was he a great leader and patriot or a power-hungry dictator? Students play parts, call witnesses and decide the case.
Liberty, Equality, Fraternity: Exploring the French Revolution	European Studies	Teachers, students, grades 9-12	French Revolution	This web site, supported by George Mason University and City University of New York, contains over 600 original source documents, visuals and songs, as well as maps and a timeline, covering the causes of the French Revolution, the Revolution and its aftermath. Useful for student research and teachers preparing lectures and lessons.
PBS - Napoleon: Timeline	European Studies	Teachers, students, grades 7-12	Napoleon Bonaparte	This is an interactive timeline for Napoleon’s life covering 1769-1821. Good overview for teachers and students.

19th Century Europe
Web site	Subject	Level	Applicable	Synopsis
PBS: Empires: Queen Victoria: Educational Resources	European Studies	Teachers, grades 6-12	Victorian England (approx. 1830-1900)	This PBS web site contains four lesson plans that introduce students to the British Empire under Queen Victoria, especially the themes of industrial revolution and imperialism. Lesson topics include: Inventions that changed the world; A Victorian Newspaper; The role of racism in Victoria’s empire; Great Leaders of the Victorian Empire.
PBS: Empires: Queen Victoria: Secrets of the Realm	European Studies	Teachers, students, grades 6-9	Victorian England (approx. 1830-1900)	This PBS web site contains an interactive game designed to draw students into a “trip around the realm,” gathering information in order to answer three questions about the Victorian Empire. Best for younger students.
The Victorian Web: An Overview	European Studies	Teachers, students, grades 9-12	Victorian England (approx. 1830-1900)	This web site is an excellent research tool for teachers and students investigating Victorian England. Subtopics include the following and more: political history, social history, gender issues, philosophy, religion, science, technology.
Internet Modern History Sourcebook: Industrial Revolution	European Studies	Teachers, students, grades 9-12	Industrial Revolution	This web site, supported by Fordham University, contains original source documents pertaining to the industrial revolution, social conditions that sprang out of the Industrial Revolution, and textile mills. Good for teachers preparing lessons and students doing research.
Internet Modern History Sourcebook: Imperialism	European Studies, Africa Studies, Asia Studies, Middle East Studies	Teachers, students, grades 9-12	Imperialism	This web site, supported by Fordham University, contains original source documents pertaining to European Imperialism in China, India, Africa and the Middle East, as well as American Imperialism. Good for teachers preparing lessons and students doing research.

20th Century Europe
Web site	Subject	Level	Applicable	Synopsis
Lectures on Twentieth Century Europe - Main	European Studies	Teachers, students, grades 9-12	Modernism, Russian Revolution, Totalitarianism, WWII, Cold War	This web page contains links to history lectures written by Steven Kreis, Ph.D. in History, for classes he has taught at the university level. These lectures are each around 10 pages long and cover topics relating to Twentieth Century European history, including the rise of Modernism, the Russian Revolution, Totalitarianism, WWII, the rise of the Cold War, to the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989. These would be useful for teachers preparing lectures and students doing research.
Internet Modern History Sourcebook: Russian Revolution	European Studies	Teachers, students, grades 9-12	Russian Revolution	This web site, supported by Fordham University, contains original source documents pertaining to the Russian Revolution. Good for teachers preparing lessons and students doing research.

WWI
Web site	Subject	Level	Applicable	Synopsis
First World War	European Studies, 10th Grade U.S. History	Teachers, students, grades 5-12	WWI	This is an excellent, comprehensive web site about WWI. It contains a wealth of information on WWI in a readable, easily navigable context. Among the highlights of this web site: audio and video recordings of politicians, royalty, commanders, speeches, songs from the time period, propaganda posters, diaries and memoirs, over 3,900 archive photographs conveniently divided up into categories and official, original source documents. This web site is a treasure trove for teachers preparing lessons on WWI and students doing research.
The World War I Document Archive	European Studies, 10th Grade U.S. History	Teachers, students, grades 5-12	WWI	This web site, supported by Brigham Young University, contains a wealth of original source documents pertaining to WWI, from the lead-up to the war through 1918. Along with political documents there are also diaries, personal accounts, an image archive, documents about the maritime war and the medical front. Good for teachers preparing lessons and students doing research.
The Great War. Educational Resources	European Studies, 10th Grade U.S. History	Teachers, grades 6-12	WWI	This PBS web site contains eight lesson plans designed to aid the study of WWI. Lesson topics include: WWI: Beginnings and progression; Symbols of the stalemate; No one spared; Killing fields; Breaking point, WWI ends; The “failed peace;” The legacy of the “Great War.”
The Great War	European Studies, 10th Grade U.S. History	Teachers, students, grades 5-12	WWI	This PBS web site contains a wealth of information on WWI, including four “chapters” that tell the story, a timeline of WWI, excellent animated maps of Europe and specific battles, a glossary of terms and definitions, and an interesting page that shows how the aftershocks of WWI are still being felt today. Excellent for teachers designing lessons and students doing research.
The Heritage of the Great War/First World War 1914-1918 Graphic Color Photos	European Studies, 10th Grade U.S. History	Teachers, students, grades 5-12	WWI	This web site contains links at the bottom of the page to photo slide shows from WWI photos. The slideshows are divided up into general topics including “Kid-soldiers in the Great War” and “250 color pictures of WWI.” The photos are unique and varied, not just the textbook classic pictures; some are quite graphic.

WWII
Web site	Subject	Level	Applicable	Synopsis
Auschwitz: Inside the Nazi State. PBS	European Studies, 10th Grade U.S. History	Teachers, students, grades 9-12	WWII, Holocaust	This PBS web site is a companion to a program about the Nazi concentration camp, Auschwitz. The web site includes interactive maps, blueprints, drawings and archival maps of Auschwitz, a timeline of the history of the camp, the evolution of the camp and eyewitness accounts as well as lesson plans useful for high school students as they watch the program. Excellent PBS material.
Nova Online. Teachers. Classroom activity. Decoding Nazi Secrets. PBS	European Studies, 10th Grade U.S. History	Teachers, grades 5-12	WWII, Codes	This PBS web site contains a lesson plan designed to allow students to experience how ciphers can conceal and protect information. Interesting, short lesson related to the codes of WWII. Includes links to an article on the Enigma code breaking machine and Bletchley Park in England, the home of the Enigma machine.
Internet Modern History Sourcebook: Nazism	European Studies, 10th Grade U.S. History	Teachers, students, grades 5-12	Nazism	This web site, supported by Fordham University, contains original source documents pertaining to the Weimar Republic, Nazism, Adolph Hitler, the church and Nazism. Good for teachers preparing lessons and students doing research.
Internet Modern History Sourcebook: Holocaust	European Studies, 10th Grade U.S. History	Teachers, students, grades 5-12	WWII Holocaust	This web site, supported by Fordham University, contains original source documents pertaining to anti-Semitism, the “Final Solution” for European Jews, as well as the handicapped, homosexuals, Roma (Gypsies), Serbs, and post-WWII genocides. Good for teachers preparing lessons and students doing research.
Internet Modern History Sourcebook: World War II	European Studies, 10th Grade U.S. History	Teachers, students, grades 5-12	WWII	This web site, supported by Fordham University, contains original source documents pertaining to WWII. Topics include: the lead-up to War, War in Europe, War in Asia, After the War. Good for teachers preparing lessons and students doing research.
The National WWII Museum	American History, World History, European Studies	Teachers, Students grade 6-12	World War II	This National museum offers numerous opportunities for teachers and students interested in exploring more about WWII. Lesson plans, art & essay contests, quiz games, virtual field trips and other resources can be found here.

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