The nickname of Fairbanks is the golden heart city. Fairbanks is located 200 south of the Antic Circle and 120 miles north of Denali National Park Reserve. Athabascan Indians lived, fished, and hunted in the Tanana valley where Fairbanks is located now. Fairbanks was founded by the misadventure of E.T. Barnette. He never really wanted to establish the town on the Chena river. He was heading to St. Michael in August 1901, and was going to establish a trading post at the village of Tanacross, after some trouble traveling he ship wrecked on the shores of the Chena river. He wasn't too happy until he found out Felix Pedro struck gold not too far away where he was camping out.

On July 22, 1902 Barnnette gave it publicity and after that people just started pouring in. Fairbanks was the busiest city in that territory. Many things like the electrical lights, sewers, fire, and police protection, a court and jail house was built, a hospital, school, library, and three newspaper companies were all built or improved because of the gold rush. Fairbanks grew from a very small quiet little town, then it turned into a very busy big city compared to its time.